Unplanned Extubation increases with the following factors:

  • Patient restlessness/agitation (7)

  • Inadequate sedation (10,37)

  • Use of physical restraints (37)

  • Absence of clear policies and procedures related to weaning (10)

  • Factors related to nursing staffing such as night shift, inexperienced ICU nurses, or unit characteristics that prevent adequate nursing observation (7)